Hollow auger



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

P. MILLER. HOLLOW AUGER.

No. 332,274,. Patented Dec. 15, 1885'.

' 3 Sheets-Sheei 2 P. MILLER.

HOLLOW AUGER.

(No Model.)

Patented Dec. 15, 1885.

3'Sheets-Sheet 3. P. MILLER.

HOLLOW AUGER.

(No Model.)

No. 332,274. Patented Dec. 15, 1885.

WWW:

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

PHILIP MILLER, OF NORWVICH, CONNECTICUT.

HOLLOW AUGER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,274, dated December15, 1885.

Application filed September 14, 1885. Serial No.177,003.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILIP MILLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Norwich, in the county of New London and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAngers, which improvements are fully set forth and described in thefollowing specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

My improvements relate, principally, to wood-boring tools, and are inthat class commonly known as hollow angers.

My purpose is to provide a tool by means of which holes of great lengthmay be bored without being compelled to remove the auger to clear awaythe chips, thereby effecting a saving of fully one-half of the time nowrequired.

My invention also includes certain details of construction, which arefully illustrated, and are explained hereinafter.

In the three sheets of drawings which form a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a general view of my complete device as constructed to beoperated by hand, and Fig. 2 represents the inner tube, a, removed. Fig.3 is an enlarged view of the outer end of said device, showing a meansfor holding the inner tube within the outer shell, somewhat differentfrom the means employed in Fig. 1, but substantially the same in generalprinciple. Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the cutting-head asformed for boring endwise of the grain. Fig. 5 is a side elevation ofsaid cutting-head attached to a section of the outer shell. Fig. 6 is anend view of the same; and Fig. 7, a longitudinal sectional view of thetubes, (both outer and inner,) and isintended to illustrate the internalconstruction of the cutting-head and the means provided to convey thechips back into the still (non-rotatable) tube 0. Fig. 8 shows bothendwise and perspective views of a section of the chips or core as itappears after boring. Fig. 9 represents my device as it appears whenused to bore through a standing tree with steam or other similar power;and Fig. 10 v is an enlarged detached view of the pulley then made useof, and explains the manner in which I attach said pulley to the outershell, a. Fig.

11 is an end view of the throat-section d,show- (No model.)

ing the V-shaped internal ribs which serve to guide the core and keep itfrom rotating within said throat.

Briefly described, said improved auger consists of a cutting-head ofpeculiar construc tion, secured to a tube or cylinder slightly smallerthan the hole to be bored. Vithin this outer tube is a smallertube,which is kept from rotating by mechanism hereinafter referred to.The chips are carried into the inner still tube as fast as cut, and aregradually forced outward, the construction being such that there is noinclination on the part of said chips to wedge and choke the hole, as inordinary hollow angers.

Referring to the several drawings, the letter a represents the outertube, made preferably of brass. The cutter-head, which forms the augerproper, is screwed or otherwise secured within one end of said tube a,and its cutting portions are so formed that the usual spiral chip isproduced, also a clearing-chip, which is substantially like a spiralspring formed of square wire. (See Fig. 8.) The cutting-lip b is of thesame general shape as that now commonly used in auger bits, and needs nodetailed description. The twist b, which begins with said lip 1),follows inward, preferably, three or four coils, although it may, ifdesired, be extended throughout the greater portion of the tube, theoffice of said twist being to force the spiral chips into thenon-rotatable tube c,which is formed of any non-corrodible metal, and isprovided at its inner end with a short tube, d, of slightly-smallerdiameter, and which forms a throat, through which the chips are forced,said chips being prevented from rotating while in said throat-section bya series of V-shaped longitudinal ribs, 6. As soon as the core of chipspasses from the throat (1 into the slightly-larger tube 0 it is easilyforced outward by the continually-entering chips. In order to cut a holelarge enough to receive the outside tube, and at the same time disposeof the chip thus cut through the inner tube, (which is necessarily verymuch smaller than said hole,) I have provided a pod cutter, h, whoseouter cutting-edge extends slightly beyond the periphery of thecutter-head proper. This podcutter It begins to cut at the extremeperiphery of the cut made by lip 12, and cuts an annular or ring-shapedchip, which is preferably stripped or divided lengthwise into twosections by a spur-cutter, z, located just ahead of said podcutter. Wenow have a flat continuous spiral chip made by cutter I), also one ormore narrow spiral chips made by the pod-cutter h, and

it is obvious that some means must be provided to dispose of both ofsaid chips without clogging or choking the tube a. The flat chip ro madeby cutter b, I have already stated, is carried inward by the twist abovedescribed. In order to also dispose of the narrow outer chip I haveformed the inner wall of the pod-cutter h as an inclined way leadinggradually into the 1 twist, (see concentric dotted lines in Fig. 6,) andI have also made the pitch of said twist considerably greater than thefeed-screw, so that the outer spiral chip may alternate with or besandwiched between the folds of the flat 2o chip as they pass togetherinto the throat d. (See Fig. 8.) It will now be understood that thenarrow clearing-chip, although originally cut as a much larger circlethan the inner fiat chip, is finally bent or sprung inward until it isbrought to the same diameter as said flat chip, and the two then travelslowly through the inner (still) tube together. The ordinary centralfeed-screw, is, Fig. 7, may be used, or an external thread, m, aspreferred. The lat- 0 ter is particularly valuable when boring endwisewith the grain; but when used a hole must first be started with anordinary auger.

Having described the cutting portion of my device,I will now proceed todescribe the means 3 5 employed to rotate the auger and to hold theinner tube still.

n represents a collar secured to the outer end of tube a, and havingformed as an integral part thereof an arm which supports a tubular arm,0, at a right angle to tube a. This tubular arm 0 supports in turn anarm, 19, parallel with tube a, and intended to be used as a crank bywhich the operator may obtain sufficient leverage to rotate the auger.

5 The inner tube, 0, is held in a central position in the outer tube, a,by an annular flange, g, which rests in the counterbored outer end ofcollar 01. Secured on the outer end of tube 0 is a beveled gear, 2,which engages a corresponding gear, 3, on a shaft which passes throughthe tubular arm 0. Said shaft has on its outer end a similar gear, 4,which engages gear 5, formed on a tube, 6, which is Supported by the arm10, and forms the handle 5 of the operating-crank. As the crank isturned this handle 6 is held firmly by the operator, and,being thus keptfrom rotating, acts through the train of gears to hold the tube 0 in agiven position while the outer tube, a, travels around it, as will beunderstood by referring to Figs.

1 and 3.

The inner tube, 0, is prevented from working outward (in Fig. 1) by theengagement of 1 gears 2 and 3, gear 2 being placed on the inner side ofits companion gear. In Fig. 3 I have shown gear 2 as placed on theoutside of gear 3, and have provided on tube a a collar,

8, having a groove which receives a latch, 11.

By simply throwing said latch out of the groove the inner tube may beimmediately withdrawn with its load of chips without disturbing theauger proper.

In Fig. 9 my improved form of auger is utilized to bore through astanding tree to provide a hole for a certain form of saw pat- 7 entedby me October 21, 1884, No. 306,850.

I have found it economical in boring a large number of holes of greatlength to apply steam or other similar power to rotate the auger, andhave provided as a simple and inexpen- 8o sive means for communicatingsuch power a pulley, in, which slips freely onto the outer tube, a, andis kept from rotating on said tube by one or more internal lugs, 00,which project into longitudinal slots or key-seats t '85 in-said outertube. As the auger is rotated the feed-screw draws it into the tree andtube 60 travels slowly lengthwise through the pulley, the inner tube, 0,being meanwhile kept from rotating by a square rod, 1, which issupported by a suitable bearing, through which it travels to correspondwith the longitudinal movement of the auger proper.

I have stated above that the inner tube, a. should be made ofnon-corrodible metal. If made of material that could rust or becomeroughened on its inner surface, the consequent increase of frictionwould prevent the core of chips from moving freely through said tube;but if said inner surface is smoothly finished the chips, after passingthrough the somewhat smaller throat-section, slide easily through tube0.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. An auger of the class hereinreferred to, consisting of an outer barrel or shell, to whichv issecured a cutting or boring head, and an inner non-rotatable tubeadapted to receive the chips from said cutting or boring head anddischarge the same through its free end, subno stantially as described.

2; In combination with an outer shell and a cutting-head of the formdescribed, an inner removable tube concentric with said outer shell,said inner shell being held from rotating I I 5 by a system of gears andcrank, substantially as described, and for the object specified.

3. In combination with an outer shell having secured thereto acutting-head of the form described, an inner removable tube concentricwith said outer shell and having the end which enters the cutting-headslightly reduced in diameter, as described, to form a throat, throughwhich the core of chips enters said inner tube.

4. In combination with the outer shell, or, a cutting-head of the formdescribed, secured to said outer shell, and the inner removable tube, 0,having the throat-section d, said throat-section being provided with aseries of internal longitudinal V-shaped ribs, as de-' scribed, and forthe purpose specified.

5. The tube at, having secured to one end a suitable cutting-head and tothe opposite end. a fixed collar, at, having an integral crankframe, 0p, as described, an inner tube, a, concentric with tube a, carrying onits free end a beveled gear, 2, a shaft adapted to rotate within section0 of the crank-frame, carrying at one end a gear, which engages gear 2,and at its opposite end a beveled gear, 4, as described, and a tubeadapted to rotate on section p of said crank-frame, carrying a gear, 5,adapted to engage said gear 4, all of said elements being combinedsubstantially as and for the object specified.

6. In combination with the outer shell, a, and a cutting-head,substantially as described, secured to said shell, a counterbored collarsecured to said shell at the end opposite to said cutting-head, and aninner tube of the form described, having a flange capable of engagementwith said counterbored collar to hold the inner tube concentric with theouter 20 shell.

7. In combination with shell a, collar 12,

frame 0 p, and a latch pivoted in said frame, substantially asdescribed, the inner tube, 0, having at its free end a flanged collarcapable of engagement with said latch, in the manner specified,and forthe purpose stated.

8. An outer shell forming the barrel of the auger, a cutting headsecured thereto,having both a cutting-lip, b, and twist for conveyingthe chips into the tube, as described, and provided, also, with apod-cutter capable of producing a cut whose diameter is slightly greaterthan the diameter of the shell (1, and whose inner wall is so formedthat the chip thus cut is forced inward and sandwiched between the foldsof the flat chip produced by lip b, all being combined substantially asand for the objects set forth.

PHILIP MILLER. Witnesses:

FRANK H. ALLEN, WILLIs W. CLARKE.

